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History and sights of Budapest

Budapest, the capital and largest city of Hungary, was founded on November 17, 1873 with the merger of the cities of Buda and Ôbuda, on the right bank of the Danube, with Pest, on the left bank. Its population is more than 1.7 million inhabitants.

It is one of the most beautiful cities in Europe and one of the biggest tourist destinations in the world, attracting more than 4 million visitors per year.

Its main attraction is Buda Castle, in the past also called the Royal Palace. It is a historic castle of the Hungarian kings built on the southern slope of Castle Hill, and is famous for its medieval, baroque and 19th century houses and public buildings. At one end of the Castle's Entrance Portal, the statue of Turul dominating the city, a mythical bird that is a national symbol of Hungary, is impressive.
According to tradition, the bird was a symbol of the ruling House in the 9th and 10th centuries and today it is represented in the Coat of Arms of the Magyar Army.

Its history is rich in conflicts, destruction and reconstruction from the 13th century until February 11, 1945 (the Siege of Budapest in the 2nd World War), when once again the castle was turned into ruins by heavy Russian artillery, leaving more 90% of soldiers killed on the streets of Buda; one of the greatest military catastrophes in Hungarian history. Some palaces in the Buda Castle District are still under reconstruction, faithfully recovering their aristocratic glamour, after the remains of the old buildings were kept for years as a memory of the war and finally completely demolished until the 1980s, with the area then transformed into gardens .

As examples of recovery, in addition to the imperial castle, the Fisherman's Bastion stands out, a building with seven towers that represent the seven tribes that founded Hungary, and the Mathias Church in Romanesque style from 1015.

Going down the hill towards the Pest side, where the vast majority of the population lives and works, from the perspective of photography, we can highlight:

- The modern Szent Gellért tér – Műegyetem station on Metro Line 4, located below the square of the same name, in honor of Saint Gerard (Szent Gellért), patron saint of Budapest. The station opened on March 28, 2014, with its internal mosaic decoration designed by artist Tamás Komoróczky.

- The Freedom Bridge or Szabadság híd crossing the Danube River, built between 1894 and 1896, with János Feketeházy as its architect. Although different from the others, it still imitates the Chain Bridge (considered the most beautiful, which was under renovation when I visited the city). It was inaugurated by Emperor Franz Joseph, destroyed in the 2nd. World War on January 16, 1945 and reopened on August 20, 1946.

- The magnificent Hungarian Parliament building, designed by architect Imre Steindl, with construction beginning in 1885, inaugurated in 1896 on the country's 1000th anniversary and completed in 1904. The building covers an area of 18,000m², has 700 rooms and offices, 27 entrances, on its 2 symmetrical sides stand the Upper Chamber and the Lower Chamber and today it is the place of the national assembly with 199 deputies. It has a central room with a dome, where the crown of the first Hungarian king, Stephen I, Saint Stephen, is kept.

Best places to photograph in Budapest

Budapest, Hungary

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